STM32F405RGT6

The STM32F405RGT6 is a high-performance ARM Cortex-M4 32-bit RISC microcontroller manufactured by STMicroelectronics, operating at up to 168 MHz with a floating-point unit (FPU) supporting single-precision operations and a full set of DSP instructions. The device features 1 Mbyte of Flash memory, 192 Kbytes of SRAM (including 64 Kbyte CCM data RAM), 4 Kbytes of backup SRAM, and 512 bytes of OTP memory.

The STM32F405RGT6 integrates an ART (Adaptive Real-Time) Accelerator enabling 0-wait-state execution from Flash at 168 MHz, achieving 210 DMIPS performance. On-chip peripherals include three 12-bit ADCs (2.4 MSPS, up to 7.2 MSPS in triple interleaved mode), two 12-bit DACs, up to 17 timers (twelve 16-bit and two 32-bit), a 16-stream DMA controller with FIFOs, and a true random number generator (RNG).

Communication interfaces include up to 3x I2C, 4x USART/2x UART, 3x SPI (42 Mbit/s, 2 with I2S), 2x CAN 2.0B, SDIO, USB 2.0 FS/HS OTG with on-chip PHY, and 10/100 Ethernet MAC with IEEE 1588v2 support. An 8-14 bit parallel camera interface supports up to 54 Mbytes/s. The device also features an LCD parallel interface (8080/6800 modes).

The MCU operates from 1.8V to 3.6V with Sleep, Stop, and Standby low-power modes. VBAT supply supports RTC and backup registers. The device is packaged in a 64-pin LQFP (10 x 10 x 1.4 mm) with 51 GPIOs, many 5V-tolerant. Debug support includes SWD, JTAG, and Cortex-M4 ETM. ECOPACK2 compliant, RoHS compliant, MSL-3. ECCN: 3A991.a.2. Product status: Active.

The STM32F405RGT6 operates as a high-performance embedded microcontroller with the following subsystem architecture:

1. Cortex-M4 Core with FPU: The 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 CPU executes at up to 168 MHz with single-precision floating-point unit (FPU) and DSP instruction set. The ART Accelerator caches Flash instructions and branch targets to achieve 0-wait-state execution, delivering 210 DMIPS. An MPU (Memory Protection Unit) provides memory access control for OS-level security.

2. Memory Subsystem: 1 MB Flash with ART Accelerator prefetch, 192 KB SRAM (128 KB main + 64 KB CCM RAM directly coupled to core for deterministic access), 4 KB backup SRAM (VBAT-domain), and 512 bytes OTP. An FSMC (Flexible Static Memory Controller) supports external CF, SRAM, PSRAM, NOR, and NAND memories.

3. Clock and Power Management: Multi-clock source system (4-26 MHz HSE, 16 MHz HSI RC, 32 kHz LSE, 32 kHz LSI) with PLL generating system clocks. Power modes include Run, Sleep, Stop, and Standby. A PVD (Programmable Voltage Detector) monitors supply voltage. VBAT pin powers RTC and backup domain when main supply is absent.

4. Analog Subsystem: Three independent 12-bit ADCs (2.4 MSPS each, 7.2 MSPS triple-interleaved) with up to 24 channels, dual sample-and-hold, and temperature sensor. Two 12-bit DACs for analog output. All analog modules share dedicated VDDA/VSSA supply pins for noise isolation.

5. Timer Subsystem: Up to 17 timers including twelve 16-bit general-purpose timers, two 32-bit timers (up to 168 MHz), two PWM timers for motor control with dead-time generation, two watchdog timers (IWDG, WWDG), and SysTick.

6. Communication Subsystem: Multi-bus matrix connecting APB1 (42 MHz), APB2 (84 MHz), and AHB (168 MHz) domains. Peripherals include 3x I2C, 4x USART + 2x UART, 3x SPI/I2S, 2x CAN, SDIO, USB FS/HS OTG, and Ethernet MAC with DMA and IEEE 1588v2 hardware timestamping.

7. DMA Subsystem: Two DMA controllers with 16 total streams, each with FIFO and burst support, enabling peripheral-to-memory, memory-to-peripheral, and memory-to-memory transfers without CPU intervention.