الصفحة الرئيسية > الدوائر المتكاملة الدوائر المتكاملة > LM324N

LM324N

Quad general-purpose op-amp, 1MHz, 3-32V single supply, GND-referenced, PDIP-14

15000

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جزء الشركة المصنعة ： جزء الشركة المصنعة

LM324N

الحزمة ： الحزمة

PDIP-14 (19.3 x 6.35 x 4.57mm, 2.54mm pitch, through-hole)

العلامة التجارية ： العلامة التجارية

فئات المنتجات:：فئات المنتجات

الدوائر المتكاملة الدوائر المتكاملة, المتحكمات الدقيقة والمعالجات

توصيات أخرى قد تكون مهتماً بها.

SII9396SCNUC-BAR

IS43TR16256BL-125KBLI

الوصف

نظرة عامة على المنتج

The LM324N from Texas Instruments is the industry-standard quad general-purpose operational amplifier with single-supply operation (3V-32V), input common-mode range including ground, and 1MHz gain-bandwidth product — four op-amps in a single 14-pin PDIP package.

المواصفات الرئيسية

عدد القنوات	4 (quad, independent)
نطاق جهد الإمداد	3V to 32V (single) or ±1.5V to ±16V (dual)
منتج عرض النطاق الترددي المكتسب	1MHz (1.2MHz typical)
معدل الدوران	0.5V/µs typical
Open-Loop Voltage Gain	100dB typical (100V/mV)
جهد إزاحة المدخلات	2mV typical, 7mV max
تيار تحيز الإدخال	45nA typical, 250nA max
Input Offset Current	5nA typical, 50nA max
Input Common-Mode Range	0V to V+−1.5V (includes GND)
Output Voltage Swing	0V to V+−1.5V (single supply)
تيار الإخراج	20mA typical (source/sink)
Supply Current (all 4 amps)	700µA typical (independent of supply)
CMRRR	85dB typical
درجة حرارة التشغيل	0°C to +70°C
الحزمة	PDIP-14 (19.3 x 6.35mm)

الميزات

Four internally compensated op-amps in one package
Single-supply operation: 3V to 32V
Input common-mode range includes ground (GND)
Output swings to GND (no negative supply needed)
700µA total supply current — battery friendly
Internally frequency compensated for unity gain

التطبيقات

Single-supply signal conditioning
Transducer amplifier interfaces
كتل كسب التيار المستمر
المرشحات النشطة
Comparators
Oscillators

مقدمة المنتج:LM324N مقدمة المنتج

The LM324N from Texas Instruments is the most widely used quad operational amplifier, containing four independent high-gain internally frequency-compensated op-amps in a single 14-pin DIP package. Its defining advantage over the LM741 and LM358 is the combination of four channels AND single-supply operation. The input common-mode voltage range includes ground (0V), meaning the non-inverting input can be connected directly to GND without a negative supply — critical for single-supply designs where the signal is referenced to ground. The output can also swing to within a few millivolts of ground (when sinking current), and up to V+−1.5V when sourcing. The 1MHz GBW and 0.5V/µs slew rate limit it to low-frequency applications (full-power bandwidth ≈ 8kHz at ±10V output). The total supply current of only 700µA for all four amplifiers makes it suitable for battery operation. At $0.316/1ku, the LM324 is the most cost-effective way to get four op-amps. The N suffix denotes the PDIP-14 through-hole package.

مبدأ العمل:LM324N مبدأ العمل

Each of the four op-amps in the LM324N is a voltage-feedback amplifier with internal compensation. The PNP input stage allows the common-mode range to include ground (the PNP emitters are biased at ~0.6V above the inputs, so the inputs can go to 0V). The class AB output stage can both source and sink current, with the output swinging to within ~5mV of ground when sinking small currents and to V+−1.5V when sourcing. In single-supply operation, the signal must remain within 0V to V+−1.5V at both input and output. For AC-coupled applications, a bias voltage (typically V+/2) establishes the operating point. For DC applications with ground-referenced signals (like sensor outputs that vary from 0V upward), no bias is needed — the input can go to 0V and the output can swing to near 0V. The internal 30pF compensation capacitor creates a dominant pole at ~10Hz, rolling off the gain at 20dB/decade to cross unity gain at 1MHz. Closed-loop bandwidth = GBW/noise_gain; at gain=100, BW ≈ 10kHz. The 700µA total quiescent current is essentially independent of supply voltage (3V to 32V), thanks to a constant-current bias network.

وصف الدبوس:LM324N تعريف الدبوس ووظائفه

دبوس	الاسم	النوع	الوصف
1	1حول	المخرجات	Op-amp 1 output
2	1IN−	المدخلات	Op-amp 1 inverting input
3	1في+	المدخلات	Op-amp 1 non-inverting input
4	VCC	الطاقة	Positive supply (3V to 32V)
5	2في+	المدخلات	Op-amp 2 non-inverting input
6	2IN−	المدخلات	Op-amp 2 inverting input
7	2سابقًا	المخرجات	Op-amp 2 output
8	3سابقًا	المخرجات	Op-amp 3 output
9	3IN−	المدخلات	Op-amp 3 inverting input
10	3 في+	المدخلات	Op-amp 3 non-inverting input
11	GND / V−	الطاقة	Ground or negative supply
12	4في+	المدخلات	Op-amp 4 non-inverting input
13	4IN−	المدخلات	Op-amp 4 inverting input
14	4OUT	المخرجات	Op-amp 4 output

Application Scenarios:In which products and applications isLM324N مستعمل

Single-Supply Non-Inverting Amp: Sensor (0-1V) → 1IN+; Rf/Rg = 4; 1OUT = 0-5V; VCC = 5V single supply; GND = pin 11
Comparator: Sensor → 1IN+; threshold voltage → 1IN−; 1OUT drives LED; no feedback resistor; open-loop comparison
4-Channel Signal Conditioner: 4 sensors → 4 op-amps; each configured for appropriate gain; single VCC supply; one IC handles all 4 channels
Active Filter: Sallen-Key low-pass: 2 resistors + 2 capacitors per op-amp; cutoff at desired frequency; remaining 2 op-amps for gain stages
AC-Coupled Amp: VCC=12V; two 10kΩ resistors create V+/2 = 6V bias at 1IN+; AC signal through coupling cap + Rin → 1IN−; Rf feedback; output centered at 6V

Alternative Models:What chips are recommended as replacements for LM324N

الطراز	الشركة المصنعة	الفرق الرئيسي	الحزمة	Specs
LM324AN	TI	Improved version with lower 2mV max input offset voltage for precision measurement circuits	DIP-14	1.1MHz/4-ch
LM324B	TI	Modern upgrade: 36V supply, 1.2MHz GBW, 3mV offset, rail-to-rail output swing capability	DIP-14	1.2MHz/36V
LM358N	TI	Dual op-amp version (2 channels) in DIP-8 for simpler single/dual signal chain designs	DIP-8	1.1MHz/2-ch
TL074CN	TI	Quad JFET-input op-amp with 65pA input bias current and 3MHz GBW for low-noise applications	DIP-14	3MHz/JFET
LM2902N	TI	Automotive-grade -40 to +125C version for under-hood and industrial environments	DIP-14	1.1MHz/-40-125C
MCP6004-I/P	الرقاقة الدقيقة	Low-voltage 1.8-6V quad R-R op-amp with 1MHz GBW for battery-powered instrumentation	DIP-14	1MHz/1.8-6V

LM324N is the industry-standard quad general-purpose op-amp in DIP-14 with 1.1MHz GBW and 3-32V single-supply operation. All four channels share the same power rails. LM324B offers modern 36V rail-to-rail output. For JFET-input low-noise applications, TL074 provides 3MHz GBW and 65pA bias current. For low-voltage designs, MCP6004 operates down to 1.8V.