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ULN2003ADR

7-channel Darlington array, 500mA/ch, 50V, flyback diodes, SOIC-16

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Manufacturer Part：

ULN2003ADR

Package：

SOIC-16 (10.3 x 7.5 x 2.35mm, 1.27mm pitch)

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Description

Product Overview

The ULN2003ADR is a 7-channel Darlington transistor array from TI/ST with 500mA per channel, 50V output, and built-in flyback diodes for driving inductive loads in an SOIC-16 package.

Key Specifications

Number of Channels 7 (Darlington pairs)
Output Current per Channel 500mA max
Collector-Emitter Voltage 50V max
Input Voltage (on) 2.4V min (TTL/CMOS compatible)
Input Current (on) 1.35mA typical at 3.85V
Saturation Voltage 1.1V typical at 350mA
DC Current Gain 1000 typical
Output Clamp Diodes Yes (flyback suppression)
Operating Temperature -40°C to +85°C
Package SOIC-16 (10.3 x 7.5mm)

Features

  • 7 Darlington transistor pairs in a single package
  • 500mA per channel output current
  • 50V collector-emitter breakdown voltage
  • Built-in flyback (clamp) diodes for inductive loads
  • TTL and 5V CMOS compatible inputs
  • High DC current gain: 1000 typical
  • Outputs can be paralleled for higher current
  • Direct interface to MCU GPIO outputs

Applications

  • Relay and solenoid drivers
  • Stepper motor drivers
  • LED and lamp drivers
  • Thermal printer head drivers
  • Logic buffer and level shifting

The ULN2003ADR is a high-voltage, high-current Darlington transistor array from Texas Instruments containing seven NPN Darlington pairs with common emitters and integrated flyback suppression diodes. Each channel can sink up to 500mA and withstand 50V on the collector, making it ideal for driving relays, solenoids, stepper motors, and other inductive loads directly from TTL or 5V CMOS logic. The built-in flyback diodes eliminate the need for external suppression components when driving inductive loads. The 1000 typical DC current gain means only 1.35mA input current is needed to drive 350mA loads, compatible with most MCU GPIO outputs. Outputs can be paralleled for higher current capacity, such as driving a 1A motor with two channels combined.

The ULN2003ADR consists of seven identical Darlington transistor pairs, each with an input resistor, a 2.7kΩ base resistor, and a flyback diode connected from the collector to a common COM pin. The Darlington configuration cascades two NPN transistors so the collector current of the first drives the base of the second, multiplying the current gains (β1 × β2 ≈ 1000). The 2.7kΩ input series resistor limits the base drive current to approximately 1.35mA at 3.85V input, ensuring saturation of the output transistor at 350mA load (forced β ≈ 260). The input is compatible with TTL logic levels (VIH min = 2.4V) and 5V CMOS outputs. The flyback diodes are connected between each collector output and the COM pin, which is tied to the positive supply of the inductive load. When an inductive load is de-energized, the flyback voltage forward-biases the diode, clamping the collector voltage to one diode drop above the supply and dissipating the stored energy safely. The 1.1V typical saturation voltage at 350mA results from the two VBE drops plus the VCE(sat) of the output transistor, which limits efficiency but is acceptable for switching applications.

Pin Name Type Description
1-7 1B-7B Input Logic inputs (connect to MCU GPIO)
8 GND Power Common emitter (ground)
9 COM Power Flyback diode common (connect to load supply)
10-16 7C-1C Output Open-collector outputs (connect to loads)
  • Relay Drivers: 500mA per channel directly drives 5V and 12V relays; flyback diodes protect against coil kickback
  • Stepper Motors: 7 channels drive unipolar stepper motors (5 or 6-wire) with 4 channels for coils plus spares
  • LED Displays: 50V output capability drives multiple series LEDs; parallel channels increase current for large displays
  • Thermal Printers: Multiple channels drive printer head heating elements with fast switching and flyback protection
  • Logic Buffers: High current gain and 50V output provide robust level shifting from 5V logic to higher voltage loads
Model Manufacturer Key Difference Package Specs
ULN2003AN TI PDIP-16 through-hole version – –
ULN2004A TI 6-15V input (higher input resistor for CMOS) – –
ULN2803ADR TI 8-channel version, SOIC-18 – –
TPL7407LA TI 7-channel, 40V, MOSFET output, lower Vsat – –
MC1413BDG onsemi Pin-compatible, SOIC-16 – –
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