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ATMEGA328-PU

8-bit AVR MCU, 32KB Flash, 2KB SRAM, 28-PDIP, 20MHz, non-picoPower version

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جزء الشركة المصنعة ： جزء الشركة المصنعة

ATMEGA328-PU

الحزمة ： الحزمة

28-PDIP (34.54 x 7.62 mm, through-hole, 2.54mm pitch, PU package)

الوصف

نظرة عامة على المنتج

The ATMEGA328-PU from Microchip is an 8-bit AVR RISC microcontroller with 32KB Flash, 2KB SRAM, 1KB EEPROM in a 28-pin PDIP through-hole package, operating at up to 20MHz. This is the non-picoPower version of the popular ATMEGA328P-PU used in Arduino Uno.

المواصفات الرئيسية

الأساسيات	8-bit AVR RISC
Max Frequency	20 MHz
Flash Memory	32 KB (2KB for bootloader)
SRAM	2 KB
EEPROM	1 KB
I/O Pins	23
ADC	10-bit, 6 channels (PDIP)
التواصل	1x USART, 2x SPI, 1x I2C (TWI)
PWM Channels	6
المؤقتات	2x 8-bit, 1x 16-bit
جهد الإمداد	1.8V to 5.5V
الحزمة	28-PDIP (through-hole)
درجة حرارة التشغيل	-40 to +85 C
Lifecycle	NRND (Not Recommended for New Designs)

الميزات

32KB Flash with 10,000 erase/write cycle endurance
23 programmable I/O lines with individual pull-up resistors
6-channel 10-bit ADC with 15 kSPS conversion rate
5 software-selectable power saving modes
In-system programmable via SPI
On-chip debug via debugWIRE interface

التطبيقات

Arduino Uno compatible MCU
Embedded prototyping and hobby projects
Sensor interface and data acquisition
Low-cost motor control
IoT endpoint devices

مقدمة المنتج:ATMEGA328-PU مقدمة المنتج

The ATMEGA328-PU from Microchip (formerly Atmel) is the non-picoPower variant of the ATMEGA328P-PU, the iconic 8-bit AVR microcontroller that serves as the heart of the Arduino Uno development board. The key difference from the ATMEGA328P-PU is the absence of the picoPower technology, which provides ultra-low power consumption in power-save modes on the P-version. For most applications operating at 5V with active power modes, the performance and functionality are identical. The 32KB Flash provides ample code space for moderate-complexity applications including RTOS-based systems, communication protocol stacks, and data logging. The 2KB SRAM supports data buffering for UART and sensor interfaces, while the 1KB EEPROM provides non-volatile storage for calibration data and configuration parameters. The 28-pin PDIP through-hole package makes it ideal for prototyping, breadboarding, and educational applications. The device supports in-system programming (ISP) via SPI, allowing firmware updates without removing the chip from the circuit. The 23 I/O pins with individually selectable pull-up resistors provide flexible pin assignment for various application needs. The 10-bit ADC with 6 channels supports a wide range of analog sensor interfaces. The ATMEGA328-PU is designated NRND (Not Recommended for New Designs); Microchip recommends the ATMEGA328P-PU for new designs requiring lower power consumption.

مبدأ العمل:ATMEGA328-PU مبدأ العمل

The ATMEGA328-PU operates as an 8-bit AVR RISC microcontroller. Key subsystems include: (1) AVR Core – a modified Harvard architecture 8-bit RISC processor with 32 x 8-bit general-purpose registers; most instructions execute in a single clock cycle at 20MHz (up to 20 MIPS throughput); the 2-stage pipeline (fetch + execute) enables single-cycle execution for most instructions; the instruction set includes 131 instructions with 32×8 hardware multiply; (2) Memory – 32KB Flash organized as 16K x 16-bit words; 2KB SRAM accessed in 2 clock cycles; 1KB EEPROM with 100,000 erase/write cycle endurance; (3) I/O Ports – 23 I/O pins organized into 3 ports (PORTB, PORTC, PORTD); each pin has a data register (PORTx), direction register (DDRx), and input register (PINx); individual pull-up resistors can be enabled per pin; (4) ADC – a 10-bit successive-approximation ADC with 6 channels in PDIP package; 13-260us conversion time; auto-trigger capability from timer compare match; free-running mode for continuous conversion; (5) Debug – debugWIRE interface provides on-chip debug capability using a single-wire bidirectional connection on the RESET pin; supports breakpoints, single-step, and register/memory access without using any on-chip resources.

وصف الدبوس:ATMEGA328-PU تعريف الدبوس ووظائفه

دبوس	الاسم	الوظيفة
1	PC6 (RESET)	I/O, Reset (active low)
2	PD0 (RXD)	I/O, USART Receive
3	PD1 (TXD)	I/O, USART Transmit
4	PD2 (INT0)	I/O, External Interrupt 0
5	PD3 (INT1/OC2B)	I/O, External Interrupt 1, PWM
6	PD4	I/O, T0 timer clock
7	VCC	Supply (1.8V to 5.5V)
8	GND	أرضي
9	PB6 (XTAL1/TOSC1)	I/O, Crystal oscillator input
10	PB7 (XTAL2/TOSC2)	I/O, Crystal oscillator output
11-17	PD5-PD7, PB0-PB3	I/O, Timer/PWM/SPI functions
18-28	PB4-PB5, PC0-PC6	I/O, ADC/I2C/Reset functions

Application Scenarios:In which products and applications isATMEGA328-PU مستعمل

Arduino Uno: direct drop-in replacement for ATMEGA328P-PU in Arduino Uno boards, same pinout and electrical specs (without picoPower)
Sensor logger: 6-channel ADC reads multiple sensors, 2KB SRAM buffers data, SPI drives SD card, UART sends data to host
Motor controller: 6 PWM channels drive H-bridge, ADC reads current shunt, USART receives commands from host MCU

Alternative Models:What chips are recommended as replacements for ATMEGA328-PU

الشركة المصنعة	رقم الجزء	الحزمة	الملاحظات
الرقاقة الدقيقة	ATMEGA328P-PU	28-PDIP	picoPower version, lower sleep current, recommended for new designs
الرقاقة الدقيقة	ATMEGA328PB-AU	TQFP-32	Enhanced version with 2x USART, SMD package
ST	STM32F103C8T6	LQFP-48	32-bit Cortex-M3 upgrade path, 72MHz